Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: analyze the historical and social contexts of race, ethnicity, and crime in the United States, including the impact of systemic racism and historical oppression on crime rates and criminal justice outcomes; evaluate the complex interplay of race, ethnicity, and social class in shaping crime patterns, victimization, and criminal justice system responses; assess the role of cultural stereotypes and media representations in perpetuating racial and ethnic disparities within the criminal justice system; synthesize knowledge of existing research on race and crime to identify and critique policies, practices, and interventions aimed at reducing racial and ethnic disparities within the criminal justice system; apply critical thinking and problem-solving skills to develop evidence-based recommendations for improving fairness, equity, and cultural competence within the criminal justice system; and engage in informed and constructive debates on key issues related to race, ethnicity, and crime in America, demonstrating the ability to articulate well-reasoned arguments and consider alternative perspectives.