Course 1, Version 1: Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: explain biological effects of ionizing radiation and apply principles pertaining to patient and personnel radiation protection; identify and justify the need to minimize unnecessary radiation exposure of humans; identify effective dose limit for occupational and nonoccupational radiation exposure; and describe the ALRA concept; explain the purpose and importance of patient shielding. Course 2, Version 1: Students will be able to: analyze the effects of radiation on cells, tissues, organs, and systems; discriminate between the direct and indirect effects of radiation; differentiate between stochastic and nonstochastic effects of radiation exposure; and discuss acute radiation syndromes. Course 1, Version 2: Students will be able to: identify the purpose, importance and types of protective shielding; define and explain the inverse square law; explain the ALARA concept and the three cardinal principles of radiation protection; describe radiation protection terms and distinguish the different types of radiation; discuss the basic interactions of x-radiation and matter; determine radiation quantities, units, and dose limits; discuss radiation monitoring and differentiate between types; describe radiation biology and its effects; identify FDA regulations for radiographic equipment; and explain the need and methods for patient and radiographer protection. Course 2, Version 2: Students will be able to: define radiobiology and the concepts behind relative biological effectiveness;  identify the influencing factors of ionizing radiation and radiosensitivity; explain the indirect and direct effect; review the dose response curves and effective dose equivalents; rate the importance of studies from a radiation event; illustrate the importance of cell constituents;  and explain Acute Radiation Syndrome.