Upon successful completion of this learning experience, students will be able to: examine the definition of cognition and explore the historical developments and events; analyze the components of short term, long term, and the working-memory systems; explore how metacognition can make cognitive processes more effective; explain how knowledge is stored and organized; analyze the factors of language formation and comprehension; examine several approaches that influence effective problem solving; and investigate several types of heuristics that guide the decision-making process.