Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to:explain cellular injury, cellular adaptation, neoplasia, the types of growth it can cause, what causes cancer and causes of a decrease in number and size of cells; categorize the causes of inflammation, autoimmune responses, acute and chronic inflammation, and inflammation's impact on the entire body; discuss the structure and function of human skin, physical causes of skin inflammation and inflammatory disorders; paraphrase the nervous system's functions, diseases that affect the nervous system and pain types; compare and contrast the various types and causes of cardiovascular and blood disorders, conditions, and diseases; explain how carbon dioxide is transported in the blood, diseases and conditions of the lungs, and how the lungs affect the heart; summarize the structure of the kidney, diseases and conditions that affect the kidney, and the roles that sodium, chloride and potassium play in human bodies; examine the diseases and conditions that affect the stomach, small intestine, gall bladder and pancreas; identify the disorders and diseases of bone tissues and joints, including myopathy, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, and of the human reproductive system; and appraise the normal range of values for electrolytes and glucose in the blood and urine, and understand the importance of various clinical tests.