Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: describe various pharmaceutical milestones that occurred throughout the 1800-1900s, the origin and content of the various drug consumer safety laws, and function of the FDA; differentiate between the chemical, generic, and trade/brand names of a drug; identify the various forms in which drugs are manufactured; explain the difference between various types of tablets, and distinguish an ointment, cream, or lotion; describe and differentiate the 10 different routes of drug administration, the advantages, and disadvantages of each; describe how the liver metabolizes drugs, and how doses are adjusted for patients with liver or kidney diseases, elderly, or premature infants; identify the seven rights of drug administration, how to reverse drug toxicity, and recognize certain drugs allergies, and drug-food interactions; discuss therapeutic effects of the different categories of drugs used to treat urinary, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, cardiac, pulmonary, hematologic, gynecologic, endocrine, neurologic, psychiatric, ophthalmic, ENT (ear, nose, and throat), analgesic conditions; identify the component parts of the immune response, and how vaccines work; and compare and contrast how local, regional, spinal, and epidural anesthesia drugs are given.