Upon successful completion of the learning experience, students will be able to: interpret factors that influence the effective teaching of mathematics; investigate what it means to "do mathematics"; describe approaches to problem-solving; compare and contrast the features of a three-phase lesson plan format for problem-based lessons; differentiate between formative and summative assessment; differentiate between a modification and an accommodation; illustrate how teaching mathematics to very young children involves providing high quality number activities using a developmental approach; explain how to develop children’s skills in generalizing the problem structures with additive situations involving joining, separating, part-part-whole, and comparison where the unknown can be in any position; investigate the interplay addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division and effective use of computational strategies to solve problems; exhibit the essential features of fraction and ratio, including how they are interrelated, and articulate ways to help students understand and be able to use both; analyze the measurement process, including the identification and use of nonstandard and standard units, and demonstrate how to estimate measurements; and differentiate the four major geometry goals for students.